David Nunan第二语言教与学考研真题复习资料

David Nunan第二语言考研真题章节题库及答案简介：

资料全称： David Nunan《第二语言教与学》配套题库【考研真题精选＋章节题库】

David Nunan第二语言真题题库摘录：

术语解释

1. critical period（中山大学2017研）

【答案】The critical period hypothesis is a theory in the study of language acquisition which posits that there is a critical period of time in which the human mind can most easily acquire language. This idea is often considered with regard to primary language acquisition, and those who agree with this hypothesis argue that language must be learned in the first few years of life or else the ability to acquire language is greatly hindered. The critical period hypothesis is also used in secondary language acquisition, regarding the idea of a time period in which a secondary language can be most easily acquired.

2. reference（北外2014研）

【答案】Reference is a relation between objects in which one object designates, or acts as a means by which to connect to or link to, another object. The first object in this relation is said to refer to the second object. The second object—the one to which the first object refers—is called the referent of the first object. The term reference is used in many spheres of human knowledge, adopting shades of meaning particular to the contexts in which it is used.

3. anaphor（南开大学2011年研）

【答案】The term anaphor is used in a narrow sense to include only reflexives like myself and reciprocals like each other.

4. cohesion（北师大2004年研）

【答案】Cohesion refers to the grammatical and/or lexical relationships between the different elements of a discourse. This may be relationship between different sentences or between different parts of a sentence. It can be achieved by cohesive devices include reference, substitution, ellipsis, conjunction and lexical cohesion.

5. speech act（浙江大学2005研）

【答案】Speech act is a central concept in Speech Act Theory, according to which, we are performing various kinds of acts when we are speaking. Actions performed through utterances are generally called speech acts.

6. scale schema（中山大学2013研）

【答案】It involves an increase or decrease of physical or metaphorical amount, and consists of any of the following: a closed-end or open-ended progression of amount, a position in the progression of amount, one or more norms of amount, a calibration of amount. Here are some examples of scale schemas: physical amounts, properties in the number system.

7. interlanguage（上海交大2005研）

【答案】It refers to the type of language constructed by second or foreign language learners who are still in the process of learning a language. It’s a language system between the target language and the learner’s native language, and imperfect compared with the target language, but not mere translation from the learner’s native language. For example, when the Chinese student is learning English, he may make errors like “to touch the society”.